1. The iPhone 5S has a faster processor than the 5C.
The 5S sports an Apple A7 processor, while the heart of the 5C is a 1Ghz Apple A6. The A7 is a newer, more powerful model than the A6, particularly because it's a 64-bit chip (the first in a smartphone, according to Apple). Because it's 64-bit, the A7 can process twice as much data at the same time as the 32-bit A6. Processor speed isn't as big a factor in smartphones as it is in computers (there are many other things that affect overall performance as much, if not more), and the A6 is very fast (it's the same processor as in the iPhone 5), but the A7 in the iPhone 5S will make that model a bit speedier than the 5C.
2. The iPhone 5S is the first iPhone to include a motion co-processor.
This is a chip that interacts with the iPhone's physical sensors--the accelerometer, compass, and gyroscope--to provide new feedback and options to apps. This could include much more detailed fitness and exercise apps, and the ability to know whether the user is sitting or standing. It's such a new feature that there won't be a lot of apps that use it right away, but it could be a major asset. You'll only find it on the 5S for now.
3. Fingerprint Scanner
One of the iPhone 5S's headline features is the Touch ID fingerprint scanner it has built into its Home button. This scanner lets you tie security of your iPhone to your unique, personal fingerprint, which means that unless it's you (or someone has your finger!), your phone is very secure. Use the fingerprint scanner to unlock your phone and enter passwords. For now, the scanner is only available on the 5S, not the 5C.
4. Camera
When taken just on the specs, the cameras in the iPhone 5S and 5C don't look very different: they both max out at 8 megapixel still images and 1080p HD video. But what's under the hood makes the 5S's camera really stand out. The camera on the 5S offers dual-flash for truer-to-life colors, the ability to record slow-motion video at 120 frames/second in 720p HD, and a burst mode that captures up to 10 photos per second. The 5C's camera, while very good, offers none of these advanced features.
5. Storage
The iPhone 5S has the same maximum amount of storage as last year's iPhone 5: 64GB. This is enough to store tens of thousands of songs, dozens of apps, hundreds of photos, and more. And if your storage needs are really big, this is the choice for you. The 5C matches the 16GB and 32GB models of the 5S, but it stops there--there's no 64GB 5C for capacity-hungry users.
6. Price
The iPhone 5C is Apple's "low-cost" iPhone. Like the 5S, it requires a two-year contract with a phone company, but when you get that, the 5C costs just $99 for the 16GB model (and $199 for the 32GB model). By contrast, the iPhone 5S costs $199 for a 16GB model, $299 for a 32GB model, and $399 for a 64GB model when purchased with a two-year contract.
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